Epicatechin elicits MyoD-dependent myoblast differentiation and myogenic conversion of fibroblasts

Sang-Jin Lee 1, Young-Eun Leem 2, Ga-Yeon Go 1, Younhee Choi 1, Yoo Jin Song 1, Insol Kim 1, Do Yoon Kim 1, Yong Kee Kim 1, Dong-Wan Seo 3, Jong-Sun Kang 2, Gyu-Un Bae 1

Abstract

Prevention of age-associated reduction in muscle mass and function is required to manage a healthy life. Supplemental (-)-Epicatechin (EC) appears to act as a potential regulator for muscle growth and strength. However, its cellular and molecular mechanisms as a potential muscle growth agent have not been studied well. In the current study, we investigated a role of EC in differentiation of muscle progenitors to gain the molecular insight into how EC regulates muscle growth. EC enhanced myogenic differentiation in a dose-dependent manner through stimulation of promyogenic signaling pathways, p38MAPK and Akt. EC treatment elevated MyoD activity by enhancing its heterodimerization with E protein. Consistently, EC also positively regulated myogenic conversion and differentiation of fibroblasts. In conclusion, EC has a potential as a therapeutic or nutraceutical remedy to treat degenerative muscle diseases or age-related muscle weakness.